Lactobacillus reuteri improves the development and maturation of fecal microbiota in piglets through mother-to-infant microbe and metabolite vertical transmission
发布于: 2023-08-28 来源: 国家饲料工程技术研究中心
摘要：Background: The immature neonatal fecal microbiota substantially impacts the development of gut health and
greatly increases the risk of disease. Developing efective strategies to modulate the development of neonatal fecal
microbiota has great signifcance. Herein, we investigated whether the maternal dietary supplementation and oral
administration of Lactobacillus reuteri could efectively promote the development and maturation of the fecal microbiome in piglets from birth to weaning.
Results: Metagenomic analysis of colostrum showed that maternal dietary L. reuteri supplementation infuenced
the overall microbiota composition, decreased the abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria and increased that of
the species Bifdobacterium choerinum. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that maternal L. reuteri supplementation
enriched the lysine biosynthesis and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways and downregulated the bacterial invasion
of epithelial cells in the colostrum. In addition, L. reuteri supplementation signifcantly altered the metabolite features
and modules in umbilical cord blood serum based on metabolomics. Further, a signifcant covariation was observed
between these diferential metabolites and the species in colostrum. Maternal dietary L. reuteri supplementation also
signifcantly infuenced the microbiota composition and increased the meconium abundance of benefcial bacteria
(such as Romboutsia, Lactobacillus, Blautia, Butyricicoccus, and Ruminococcus), some of which were markedly associated with several diferential metabolites in umbilical cord blood serum between two groups. Notably, both the
maternal dietary supplementation and oral intake of L. reuteri had strong impacts on the overall microbial composition and maturation of fecal microbiota in piglets during early life, and these efects were dependent on the growth
stage. Oral administration of L. reuteri promoted diarrhea resistance in neonates, while maternal supplementation of L.
reuteri enhanced the abilities of antioxidants and decreased infammation. Moreover, the administration of L. reuteri via
both methods in combination improved the growth performances of piglets.
Conclusion: Overall, our data demonstrated that L. reuteri had the ability to modulate the composition of fecal
microbiota in newborn piglets by infuencing the microbial community and functional composition in the colostrum and by altering several key metabolites in the umbilical cord blood serum. Also, both the maternal dietary